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that's funnier than you know... essence of existential... essence and existence are opposing notions in Sartre and Heidegger... Another funny... you're an atheist, yet you seek dogmatic instruction for your daily life. If you are having trouble finding ways to live atheistically, my friend, join a religion. Existentialism is not a religion. It is not a code of ethics. It is not a manual for how to live your daily life.
You seek answers... I suggest you re-think your questions first.
But existentialism in a nutshell can be looked at as follows... Of course, every supposed existential philosopher except for Sartre DENIED they were existentialist. There really is no such movement in philosophy. and there are no common ties between the existential authors other than the following...
Imagine this... a picture on a wall. The frame holds the canvas squarely. In the foreground of the picture is You. Behind in the background is everyone else, Others. To exist is to standout in the picture of life in the foreground from all Others. All Others define you, as the background defines the foreground in a picture. Your existence is a standing out, an rupture from the backdrop of the world.
Existence comes from the Greek eke stasis. eke = not, stasis = static or still. To exist is to NOT be still. to move. stand out. Its cute and funny and ecstasy also comes from this same Greek root word. To the Greek's exist and ecstasy were one and the same.
So, the "essence" of existentialism, is erupt in pleasure from the boring still life of the world behind you, the same world that defines you, separates you from all others.
Of course, the key is HOW. And each existential writer has their own idea. And the point is though, in my opinion, to find your own way to stand out, your own way to erupt and come out on the world.
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