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Misinterpretation of Buddhism would not survive over times; there can be misinterpretation at times and there can be wrongfully presented Buddhism also at times. But ask any well learned and properly trained Buddhists, they can tell you what is considered correct Buddha Dharma and proper Buddhism organization at almost any time.
In Sutra, there are the Three Dharma Seals and or sometimes they use the four Dharma seals to classify if some religious sect. can be claimed as Buddhism. Why the separation? This is the question only an uninitiated and unaware person, can claimed they are Buddhist, but don't understand.
To begin with there is no break up. It is merely different vehicles for different intellects and capacity students to learn Buddhism, after all Buddhism is not like Christianity with simple concept and simple explanations. Buddhism is actually very hard and complicated, considering it teaches you how to live forever in spiritual realm and become Enlightened.
For example, can someone just decide to learn Doctoral Level Physic in elementary school? Or do you need a minimum of postgraduate courses to be able to understand? You need Hinayana teachings before you can practice Mahayana Buddhism, and you need Mahayana teachings to understand Vajrayana Buddhism.
Can you practice Hinayana Buddhism without either Mahayana or Vajrayana? Most definitely.
But can you practice Mahayana without Hinayana, impossible, because Mahayana will automatically refer to Hinayana principles and then explain why you have to look at the practice with the Mahayana views. So the question also is can you practice Vajrayana without either Hinayana or Mahayana Buddhism?
The answer is ?No way? If you are a Vajrayana Master without understands both Hinayana and Mahayana principles; you cannot even graduate from Shedra (Buddhism College for Vajrayana Sect.) Can you then become a Mahayana scholar without Hineyana? Not possible either, because you won't graduate the Mahayana Buddhism School just the same, because Hinayana is the ground and foundation of all Buddhism.
Can you just practice Mahayana or Vajrayana or skip any of one of those or Hinayana? You can. But you won?t be able to achieve any significant accomplishment, if you skip grades.
All three yanas are merely the different expression of Buddhism based of your intellect and learning capacity. This is a good example of the Buddha's wisdom to teach 84,000 teachings to 84,000 levels of students.
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