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Zen (Japanese) or Ch'en (Chinese) is a major branch of Mahayana Buddhism which focuses on simplicity and generally adopts a minimalist philosophy. It has certain similarities to Taoism, and both most likely had a strong influence on the other.
Examples of Zen practices include meditation focused on the breath (Zen Buddhists try to avoid imagery in meditation and focus on clearing the mind), koans (strange sentences that have no real meaning and that are meant to shock reason into letting go).
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What is Zen Buddhism?
