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Hinduism is the religion of ancient China and Asia. It is a combination of the Indus River cultural beliefs mixed with the religion of a conquering people from the Northwest (Aryans) which created a pantheon of deities and the sacred texts known as the Vedas. Some of the beliefs and cultural aspects of Hinduism include reincarnation, the concept of Karma, and the caste system.
Buddha was raised a Hindu, and was a prince of the upper class caste system, in which he was sheltered from seeing the lower class and negative things about the world. Buddha escaped from the wall of his home, and traveled meeting different people. He did not agree with certain aspects of the Hindu religion, and sat under a sacred tree to find enlightenment, an answer to his questions about why there is suffering in life. From his meditations, he came to the conclusions that form the basis of the philosophy of Buddhism, which has the goal to eliminate suffering from life.
Buddhism is a combination of Hinduism and Buddha's philosophies, which became the Buddhist religion.
Confucianism is a philosophy that developed in China, alongside with Taoism. It is a school of philosophy in China, not a religion. Confucianism was a philosophy that included beliefs in the active principle of creating change and action in ones life, and included a standard of principles and morals that included an hierarchy and the responsibilities that each level of power or leadership had to abide by. These includes things like: the responsibilities of leaders to heaven and their people, responsibilities of man to his brother, man to his friend, man to his wife, man to his son, etc.
By contrast, Taoism is a Chinese philosophy based on a passive principle - a :"go with the flow, don't make waves" type of belief system. Where Confucianism believes in taking action to correct wrongs based on the responsibilities of your status or position in life, Taoism believes no change is necessary and one should just accept and be happy with their status in life.
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