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I read The Analects of Confucius, and yes, women were regarded as "inferior" in the modern context. However, up until very, very recently, women all over the world were regarded as inferior. France didn't grant women the right to vote until shortly after WW2, America only in the 20Th century.
There are many aspects to Confucianism, such as following rituals, honoring your ancestors, as well as the 5 relationships. This philosophy was mostly focused on behavior and society, it rejected mysticism and passionate spirituality.
The play Injustice to Dou E was a work of theater in medieval China (possibly Ming Dynasty) which demonstrated how women should behave. In the story, Dou E is sold by her father into marriage so that her father can study Confucian exams, which was perfectly fine in that day. However, her engaged husband dies, so she remains a widow, which was expected of her. Bandits then accost her and her mother in law, demanding marriage. Dou E's mother-in-law, Cai Popo, accepts, which is shameful because she is too old, but Dou E refuses. Since she was engaged to one man, she can't marry another, because Confucian doctrine specifically states that a man may not ride two horses, a servant may not have two masters, a women may not have two husbands. Dou E is then framed for an accidental death and dies, only later does her ghost have vengeance.
Throughout China's history, women were seen as naturally inferior to men. Their religion was their husband's or father's religion, which was Confucianism (for the most part). They followed this practice because many of them didn't believe that women could be equal to men. In later Chinese history, women bound their feet, an extremely painful and debilitating procedure, because it was sexy to have small feet. This isn't unique to China, in Africa many women have their genitals mutilated ritualistically. Both of those procedures are propagated by women, it is seen as something passed mother to daughter, expected by men. Women could not simply refuse to follow these religions or rituals, it was completely out of line from society.
There were some exceptions. The story of Hua Mulan (you may recognize that name; it was made into a Disney film). She donned men's clothes and went to war to save her father. However, this was very Confucian, because she placed her parents in high importance.
Confucianism is hard to extricate from Chinese culture. America is so diverse and individualistic that we simply can't comprehend how people would just go along with this religion. Shouldn't they want to be equal? Well, it's just a question of society.
Look at tipping for example. If you don't tip in America, it's considered very rude. Tipping percentages have increased from 10 to 15 to even 20 percent over the years. Yet in Europe it's included in the bill, and in most of Asia it is rarely accepted, sometimes even taken as an insult, like a petty bribe. Culture is a powerful force. The coming of Communist doctrine saw a new image for women, because along with class equality, Marxism advocates gender equality. Although China is still communist by law, Populist or Marxist sentiment is hardly the force it used to be. The Westernization of China and the modernization of China are now the factors driving women's equality with men. There is still a long way to go.
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