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Without counting the schism between East and West, no, not really. Before Martin Luther, the standard model was that one was either IN Christendom or OUT. Outsiders were heretics and infidels and simply didn't count. That's what was so amazing about Luther's breakaway. He was actually able to formulate and justify an independent version of Christianity by throwing doubt on the original. Nothing like this occur ed in the East. All the sects grew up together in autonomous "agreement". The monolithic Roman pontifical model succeeded by simply suppressing the dissent of would-be reformers before Luther.
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