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The split was a long time in coming. the earliest problems actually went back to the proper dating of Easter with Irenaeus in the early 3rd century. The language barrier (East=Greek, West=Latin) was constantly causing problems too with the proper translation of creeds from one side to the other.
The eastern church says the split happened in 867 over the Filoque clause (Holy Spirit Preceding from the Father "and the Son") being added to the Creed. 1054 AD the Pope actually condemned the Eastern church, and they reciprocated, so many say that is the actual split date. The mutual condemnations were both lifted in 1965.
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