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Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that lays a strict emphasis on non-violence (Ahimsa), Vegetarianism, Compassion, renunciation, self control and non-attachment as a means of attaining salvation. The distinguishing features of Jain philosophy are its belief on independent existence of soul and matter, denial of a creative and omnipotent God, potency of karma's, an eternal and uncreated universe, a strong emphasis on non-violence, accent on relativity and multiple facets of truth, and morality and ethics based on liberation of soul. Jain philosophy attempts to explain the rationale of being and existence, the nature of the Universe and its constituents, the nature of bondage and the means to achieve liberation.
Origins ? It is said to have been established by lineage of 24 teachers or Tirthankaras simulating with Parsva (23rd Tirthankara, 9Th Century BCE) and Mahavira (24Th and last Tirthankara, 6Th Century BCE). These Tirthankaras freed themselves from bondage of karmas, preached Jainism and attained liberation and thus achieved goodhood. These teachers belonged to the ancient Sramanas, which is an ancient pre-vedic and pre-aryan tradition.
The current Jain canons and texts are based on teachings of Mahavira. The teachings are based on the various natural laws and principles. One of the commonly accepted book of Jains is Tattvarthasutra ? Exposition of the nature of reality. Amongst other things, it discusses the nature of matter, atoms, principles of motion and rest, the nature of time and space as a reality. It also discusses the consciousness, nature of knowledge, the law of karma and ways and means of attaining liberation. This book is similar of bible for Jains.
Suggested Reading:
Websites:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jain_philosophy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tattvarthasutra
Books:
Jain Path of Purification by Padmanabh Jaini
The Jains by Paul Dundas
You can order books from: Hindi Granth Karyalaya who deal exclusively on Books pertaining to Jainology and Indology.
HINDI GRANTH KARYALAY
9 Hirabaug
C P Tank
Mumbai
400 004
Website: http://www.hindibooks.8m.com/
I trust this will help you in understanding Jainism
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