What is the Torah (pls be specific)? What makes Judiac law/theology different from ot

What is the Torah (pls be specific)? What makes Judiac law/theology different from other faiths of the period?

The Scripture that Jews know as the Torah is also known as the Pentateuch, or the first five books of the Bible -- Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.

The Torah is one of the most important scriptures in Jewish history, written by Moses. It contains the first 5 books of the Bible. What makes it different, is because in that period, it was very strictly followed, and was one religion that be lived in one God, who created the earth and everything in it. Other religions worshiped idols, many religions had more than one idol. Christanity is very close to Jewish religion. However, Christ wanted to introduce and bring people closer to God than before, not just mainly focusing on God's rules.

The Torah was not written by Moses. It is a collections of rules, laws and traditions which was -- 1. either divinely inspired when Moses presented it to Israelites ( this is a reform Judaism approach) or 2. was directly given to Moses by God on Mr. Sinai-- as accepted by the Conservative and Orthodox branch of Judaism. The Torah is is a written account of oral history which was passed on for generations until rabbi es decided to have the oral tradition written down. Please refer to Hillel and the oral Torah. Judaism also has a commentary on the law contained in the Torah known as Talmud. These are writings of many philosophers and rabbi es interpreting Jewish laws and providing the commentary for it. One of the most famous ones was Maimonides who provided extensive commentaries on the Mishnah Torah.
Judaism accepts the one and only God and its philosophical approach is vastly different from other monotheistic religions. There is no original sin, no hell or heaven and forgiveness for sins has to be be achieved by doing matzot ( following God's rules). Forgiveness for wrong doing agings others, can only be obtained by asking for it. God cannot forgive wrongdoings toward others. Philosophically, it is the only comprehensive and logical approach to belief, I have encountered. No, I'm not Jewish.