Jesus Christ is the head of the Church of all believers. The Pope is a human invention, and not part of Gospel teachings. Muslims are only part of the Church if they accept Jesus Christ died for their sins.
The Protestants will claim that Jesus is their leader, which begs the question, why is Jesus telling Protestant group A to practice infant baptism, while at the same time telling Protestant group B to not?
Protestantism is made up of many denominations. The nominal head of the Anglican Church is Queen Elizabeth II, although Dr Rowan Williams, the Archbishop of Canterbury, is really in charge. This might not be for much longer because the Anglican Church is becoming divided into two factions on the basis of whether or not to ordain gay clergy. Williams supports it, but alarmingly, the opposition appears to be headed by the Archbishop of Nigeria, and you should go have a look at that nation's record on civil rights.
I dint know about the Protestants, but for the Muslims it is the Caliph.
A Caliph is selected by the Muslims by selecting the most pious and trustful person for the post. A Caliph is paid a monthly salary which is the average salary a middle class man should have.
Once elected, all the Muslims are supposed to give their oath of alliance to him. There cant be another election after a Caliph is selected.
Today, there is NO Caliph representing the Muslims as a whole. The Caliphate System came to an end after the 1st World War.
Protestants can all be heads of their own churches. Anyone can start a church and be in charge. They will tell you Christ is the head of the church, but you'd have to wonder why Christ would give out so many interpretations of his word and have so many different beliefs.
The same with the Muslims. They only follow the Koran and each person is to read and interpret for themselves...hence Muslim terrorists...who apparently got a different interpretation then most Muslims.
Non-Catholic Christians will state that Jesus Christ is the head of the church, but they still have elders, pastors, reverends, etc that are leaders that make decisions and declare doctrine.
Catholics are just more honest about their hierarchy
They don't have ONE leader, they have a bunch of leaders.
That is the point. The Catholic Church has ONE leader- a direct successor to Peter- the first Pope....for those of you who doubt Peter was the first Pope- look at every time the apostles are named in scripture. Peter is always first. there are other proofs, too.
In essence the Protestants have no leader, not like the Catholics. There is no central hierarchy. In protestantism, anyone can be the leader. You can start your own church and teach whatever you think the bible says. This is how it is with all of protestantism, which is why we have 54,000 different denominations, none of them teaching the same things.
Is this right? No. Jesus set down one faith, one church. The Faith was not open to personal interpretation, which is how the protestants handle it, and why we have so many different denominations.
the head of the baptists is Christ...not to say the He's not the head of any other denomination; i just can't speak for other faiths or denominations...my church is a part of the southern baptist convention, but our church is self-governed; we don't answer to any earthly authority outside of our own local membership