The whole concept is made up so this is just another made up phrase. Even the founder admitted he was just trying to make money and still the poor saps believe.
Cuase without it you will fall in the volcano, be swarmed by the tans, and Xenu will lob bombs at you from converted DC-8s. You can stop all this by giving lots and lots of money to Sceintologists.
Because Scientology has a spiritual technology that is laid out in gradient steps to raise the human spirit (and therefore life itself ) from the current level / plateau of existence to wards a higher plain /plateau of existence
The chasm is basically where current level of humanity is sinking to or headed (and where some have already fallen) ."The Bridge" is simply the steps mapped out across it (so you don't fall in ) to safely reach the other side of this chasm at a new higher plateau of existence. This is just an explanation of the concept "bridge across the chasm" in Scientology
For more details about the actual Scientology Bridge and route or steps to spiritual freedom.
Go to WNW.scientology.org