Academics believe that classical Judaism, the compilation of the Torah etc, did not take place until the Babylonian exile, upon the return of which you begin to see the idea of the Apocalypse, the Devil and the afterlife begin to appear in Judaic writings, notably the Book of Daniel.
so gotta go with Zoroaster. but obviously, Judaism has a more direct impact on Christianity.
Could we say that if the Jews had not been captive in Babylon, it is likely Judaism would look far different than it does today. Zoroastrians were the ones who came up with the concept of a "destructive spirit" Angra Mainyu and a "good spirit" Spenta Mainyu to explain why good and bad things happen, though both spirits came from Ahura Mazda the uncreated. When Jews took this concept and made it their own, it became a part of the faiths that developed out of Judasim, namely Christianity and Islam.
Neither. The largest influence on Monotheism was the Pharoah Amenhotep IV / Ahkenaten (supposed father of Tutankhamen). Ahkenaten is the father of modern monotheism. During a time in which the ancient Egyptians worshiped a pantheon of gods, he believed in one god Amun - Ra and built a city (El Amarna) in acknowledgment and support of Amun-Ra. This is not go over well with the Egyptians and when he died, they reverted back to their pantheon. It is my personal belief, that the zealous followers of Ahkenaten eventually became subjugated for their loyalty to Amun-Ra and were made slaves. These slaves eventually became the "Hebrews" that fled Ramses II to wander in the desert for 40 years to establish Judaism.
Zoroastrianism is regarded as being duo theistic (or bi theistic) and hence could not have influenced monotheism. It is one of only two dualist religions in the world.
Abraham re-introduced monotheism to the world. I have no clue of the source of Zoroastrianism, nor does anyone for that matter. But since Adam as the first man only had monotheism, which dwindled with the generations, it could well be some developed it into Zoroastrianism. Judaism didn't officially begin until the Jews were taken out of Egypt and given the Torah/Bible but the monotheistic views go back to Abraham, and in truth there always was a chain of Monotheists. Adam, Methusala, Noah, his descendants Shem and Ever and finally Abraham.
Which influenced the development of monotheism more, Judaism or Zoroastrianism?
